اثر سطوح مختلف اسانس نعناع، لیمو، آویشن و زنیان بر عملکرد، فراسنجه های خونی و بیان ژن‏های لیپوژنیک کبدی در جوجه های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی- تغذیه طیور

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 گروه پرورش و مدیریت طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 گروه علوم دامی،دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

5 علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

6 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

این آزمایش برای ارزیابی اثرات سطوح مختلف چهار اسانس گیاهی نعناع، لیمو، آویشن و زنیان بر عملکرد و فراسنجه های خونی جوجه های گوشتی انجام شد. بدین منظور 312 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر سویه ی آرین در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به 13 گروه مختلف با شش تکرار اختصاص یافت. جیره‌های آزمایشی بر پایه ذرت و سویا و اسیدهای آمینه سنتتیک تهیه شدند. بعد از دو روز عادت پذیری با جیره پایه، هر یک از اسانس‏ها در سه سطح 50، 100 و 150 پی پی ام مکمل خوراک پایه شدند. وزن کشی به صورت هفتگی انجام گرفت و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و مصرف خوراک محاسبه شد. در روز 42 قبل از کشتار خون‏گیری به عمل آمد و برخی از فراسنجه های خونی از قبیل پروتئین کل، کلسترول، تری‌گلیسرید، HDL-c و LDL-c توسط کیت های تجاری مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. بیان نسبی ژن های فتی اسید سنتاز و مالیک آنزیم کبدی نیز با استفاده از RT-PCR صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که دوز بالای اسانس نعناع موجب کاهش افزایش وزن روزانه پرنده‏ها در دوره رشد گردید. مکمل نمودن اسانس های گیاهی در مقایسه با شاهد، تأثیر معنی داری بر بیان ژن فتی‏اسید‏سینتاز کبدی، و متابولیت های خونی مورد سنجش نداشته است، در حالی که بیان نسبی ژن مالیک آنزیم کبدی در گروهی از پرندگان که از یک جیره مکمل شده با اسانس نعناع در سطح 150 پی پی ام تغذیه کرده بودند در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش معنی داری نشان داد. بنابراین اسانس نعناع در سطح 150 پی پی ام می تواند بر بیان ژن آنزیم مالیک تأثیر گذاشته و همچنین بر عملکرد پرنده‏ها تأثیر سویی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Essential Oils of Peppermint, Lemon, Thyme and Ajwain on Performance, Blood Metabolites and Hepatic lipogenic Gene Expression of Broilers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Samadian 1
  • Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi 2
  • Zarbakht Ansari Pirsaraei 3
  • Hosein Vaseghi 4
  • fahimeh mohammadnejad 5
  • Vahid Vahedi 6
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasuj University, Yasuj, Iran
2 Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Animal Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
4 Department of Animal Science, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
5 Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
6 Department of Animal Science, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Intoduction Essential oils (EOs) are important aromatic components of herbs and spices which are complex mixtures of secondary plant metabolites consisting of low-boiling-phenylpropenes and terpenes. Their biological activities have been known and utilized since ancient times in perfumery, food preservation, flavoring, and medicine. Some of their biological activities include antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters has stimulated the search for alternative feed supplements in animal production. EOs have received attention in recent years as potential ‘natural’ alternatives for replacing antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in animal diets due to their positive impact on growth performance and welfare. A number of studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of EOs on broiler performance rather than the physiological effects, but the results have not been consistent (or constant). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of four essential oils (Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Citrus lemon, Carum copticom) on growth performance, some of the serum biochemistry parameters and lipogenic gene expression in broiler chickens.
Materials and Methods A total of 312, 1-day-old broiler chicks were allocated in completely randomized design to 13 groups with 6 replicate cages per treatment. After 2-day adjustment with the basal diet, the birds were randomly assigned to the corresponding experimental diets supplemented with 0 (Control), 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg diet essential oils extracted from Crum capticum, Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita and Cirtus lemon. The basal diet composed of maize–soybean meal prepared in our laboratory and all birds had free access to water for the entire period. Food intake and BW were recorded to determine growth performance and feed: gain ratio. At the end of the experiment (42 day) blood samples (6 samples per treatment) were taken for measuring biochemical analysis including total protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-c and LDL-c by commercial kits. Samples of the liver were collected on day 42 after slaughter (6 samples per treatment) and the hepatic expression of the genes encoding malic enzyme (ME), fatty acid synthase (FAS) were determined with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using SYBR green as a flourophore monitored in a real time mode.
Results and discussion The results showed that the body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of broilers at day 42 were not affected by supplementing EOs to the basal diet. However, daily body weight gain of broilers at 21 day decreased significantly (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blood biochemical metabolites
  • Broilers
  • Essential oils
  • Gene expression
  • Performance
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