تأثیر استفاده از پروبیوتیک پروتکسین در ماه آخر آبستنی بر ترکیب آغوز و شیر میش‌های لری بختیاری

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی - تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر استفاده از پروبیوتیک پروتکسین در ماه آخر آبستنی بر ترکیبات آغوز و ترکیبات شیر در میش‌های لری بختیاری انجام شد. به این منظور از تعداد 28 رأس میش لری بختیاری سه شکم زایش به بالا که در ماه آخر آبستنی بودند به مدت یک ماه استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: تیمار شاهد (میش‌ها پروبیوتیک مصرف نکردند)، 2- میش‌ها در هر‌روز 1 گرم پروبیوتیک حل‌شده در 5 میلی‌لیتر آب مصرف کردند. پروبیوتیک مورد‌استفاده در این تحقیق، پروتکسین بود. به‌منظور تعیین ترکیبات آغوز و شیر به ترتیب در اولین روز و 14 روز بعد از زایش یک نمونه آغوز و یک نمونه شیر از میش‌های تحت آزمایش گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن پروبیوتیک پروتکسین در ماه آخر آبستنی بر ترکیبات آغوز شامل آلبومین، پروتئین کل، گلوبولین و درصد چربی تأثیر آماری معنی‌دار نداشت. همچنین عناصر معدنی آغوز شامل آرسنیک، کادمیم، کبالت، مس، آهن، سرب، منیزیم، منگنز، مولیبدن، سدیم، نیکل، فسفر، سلنیوم، قلع، روی و کلسیم به‌طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر افزودن پروبیوتیک قرار نگرفتند. ترکیبات شیر میش شامل چربی، لاکتوز، پروتئین، مواد جامد و نقطه انجماد نیز به‌طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر افزودن پروبیوتیک قرار نگرفتند. به‌طور‌کلی نتایج حاکی از این است که افزودن پروبیوتیک پروتکسین در ماه آخر آبستنی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر ترکیبات آغوز و عناصر معدنی آغوز و ترکیبات شیر میش‌ها نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Protexin Probiotics in the Last Month of Pregnancy on the Colostrum Compositions and Milk Yield of Lori Bakhtiyari Ewes

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad doralibeni 1
  • Fariba Rezai Sarteshnizi 1
  • Saeid Karimi Dehkordi 1
  • Ali moharrery 2
  • Hossein Mehraban 2
1 Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
2 Department of Animal Science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction The use of additives that improve the microbial function of the rumen seems to be essential. Probiotics is a Latin word for life. Probiotics are living microorganisms that contain beneficial bacteria and yeasts. The most important feature of probiotics is that while reducing the pathogenic germs in the gastrointestinal tract and improving the feed conversion ratio in the animal, they do not have any residual tissue and unlike antibiotics do not cause microbial resistance. Probiotics are now used not only as growth stimulants but also to stimulate the immune system and prevent many diseases. The use of probiotics to improve function, improve health, and change in rumen ecosystems are a good alternative to antibiotics. Sheep milk has a great nutritional value used in cheese, yogurt, butter and other dairy products. Studies investigating the effect of adding probiotics to sheep feed on milk production and composition are scarce, and most studies have been conducted in dairy cows. Reports have shown contradictory results on the addition of probiotics to milk production and compounds. Due to the limitation of the effect of probiotic supplementation on sheep milk production and composition, especially Lori Bakhtiari sheep, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of oral probiotics on the process of colostrum and milk compounds in the first month of lactation.
Materials and Methods The study was conducted in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. For this purpose, 28 Lorri Bakhtiari ewes, first abdomen to the sixth abdomen were selected in the last month of pregnancy. All ewes were fed a similar diet. The ewes were divided into two groups of 14 and received experimental treatments for one month. Treatments included 1) control (the group that did not take probiotics) 2-the group who consumed 1 gram of probiotic per day. In the experimental group (14), in addition to the above diet, in the morning, 1 g of probiotic was dissolved in 5 ml of water and fed to the ewes via syringe. The probiotic used in this study was protexin. Colostrum samples were taken from each ewe after calving to measure colostrum factors. Albumin and total protein concentrations were measured using Pars test kits and the photometric method. Globulin concentration is calculated by subtracting albumin from total protein. Gerber method was used to measure the percentage of colostrum fat. We need ash to measure colostrum minerals. To do this, pour 5 grams of colostrum into the bush, then place the bushes in the oven to dry. The samples were kept at this temperature for 24 hours until they were completely gray and turned white. Finally, the concentration of minerals was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer using a dry digestion method. Phosphorus was measured by the yellow method. Milk samples were taken from each ewe on the 14th day of lactation to measure milk factors such as fat, protein, lactose, solids and milk freezing point. They were measured using a milk analyzer.
Results and Discussion The results showed that the addition of probiotics protexin had no significant effect on body weight, colostrum factors including albumin, total protein, globulin and fat (P >0.05). The concentration of colostrum minerals (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, selenium, tin, zinc and calcium) was also not affected (P>0.05). So far, no studies have been performed on the addition of probiotics protexin to colostrum factors and minerals. However, there have been studies of the addition of probiotics to concentrations of albumin, total protein, and globulin and blood minerals. Contradictory results have also been reported in this case. The addition of protexin probiotics at the end of pregnancy on milk factors (fat, lactose, protein, solids and freezing point) in ewes was not significant (P >0.05). Consistent with our study, commercial bacterial probiotic feeding in ewes had no significant effect on the production and chemical composition of ewes. In other species of ruminants, the addition of bacterial probiotics and yeast probiotic resulted in inconsistent results on milk composition. The results were inconsistent due to differences in the amount and type of probiotic used, probiotic feeding method, type of ruminant, duration of probiotic use, and conditions of the ruminant (lactation).
Conclusion Overall, the results showed that the addition of probiotics in the last month of pregnancy had no significant effect on body weight, colostrum factors, colostrum mineral content and milk composition of Lori Bakhtiari ewes. This indicates that the rations were normal and had no negative effect of probiotics in the last month of gestation on ewes.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Probiotics protein
  • Colostrum factors
  • Colostrum minerals
  • Milk compounds
  • Lorri Bakhtiari's ewe
  1. Abe, F., N. Ishibashi, and S. Shimamura.1995. Effect of administration of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria to newborn calves and piglets. Journal of Dairy Science, 78: 2838-2846.
  2. Agarwal, N., D. N. Kamra, L. C. Chaudhary, A. Sahoo, and N. N. Pathak. Microbial status and rumen enzyme profile of crossbred calves fed on different microbial feed additives. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 34: 329-36.
  3. Alshaikh, M. A., M. Y. Alsiadi, S. M. Zahran, H. H. Mogawer, and T. A. Aalshowime. 2002. Effect of feeding yeast culture from different sources on the performance of lactating Holstein cow in Saudi Arabia. Asian-Australas. Journal of Animal Science, 15: 352–356.
  4. Antunović, Z., M. Domaćinović, M. Šperanda, B. Liker, B. Mioč, V. Šerić, and T. Šperanda. 2009. Effect of roasted cereals and soybean in feed mixtures on fattening and slaughter traits as well as blood composition in fattening lambs. Archives of Animal Breeding, 52(5): 512-526.
  5. Antunović, Z., M. Šperanda, D. Amidžić, V. Šerić, Z. Stainer, M. Domačinović, and F. 2006. Probiotic
  6. application in lambs nutrition. Krmiva: Časopis Hranidbi Zivotinja, Proizvodnji Tehnologiji Krme, 48(4): 175-180.
  7. Ayad, M. A., B. Benallou, M. S. Saim, M. A. Smadi, and T. Meziane. 2013. Impact of feeding yeast culture on milk yield, milk components and blood components in Algerian dairy herds. Journal of Veterinary Science Technology, 4: 135-139.
  8. Bitencourt, L. L., J. R. M. Silva, B. M. Lopez de Oliveira, G. S. Dias Junior, F. Lopes, S. S. Junior, O. de FatimaZacaroni, and M. N. Pereira. 2011. Diet digestibility and performance o dairy cows supplemented with live Science and Agriculture, 68: 301-307.
  9. Bruno, R. G. S., H. M. Rutigliano, R. L. Cerri, P. H. Robinson, and J. E. P. Santos. 2009. Effect of feeding Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance of dairy cows during summer heat stress. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 150: 175-186.
  10. Chiofalo, V., L. Liotta, and B. Chiofalo. 2004. Effects of the administration of Lactobacilli on body growth and on the metabolic profile in growing Maltese goat kids. Reproduction Nutrition Development, 44: 449-457.
  11. Czech, A. N. N. A., A. N. N. A. Mokrzycka, R. Eugeniusz, R. Grela, and Zygmunt Pejsak. 2009. Influence of mannanoligosaccharides additive to sows diets on blood parameters of sows and their piglets. Bullen of the Veternary Institute in Pulawy, 53 (2009): 89-95.
  12. Dabiri, N., A. Babaei Yazdi, B. Hemati, M. Bahrani, A Mahdavi, M. R. aghebianand and A. Hajimohammadi. 2016. Effect of different levels of Biosaf probiotic in Diet of Late Pregnant and Lactating Iranian Zandi Ewes on Growth Performance and Immune System of their Lambs. Journal of Fisheris and Livestock Production, 4:4.
  13. Desnoyers, M., S. Giger-Reverdin, G. Bertin, C. Duvaux-Ponter, and D. Sauvant. 2009. Meta-analysis of the influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation on ruminal parameters and milk production of Journal of Dairy Science, 92:1620-1632.
  14. Dimova, N., M. Baltadjieva, V. Karabashev, and G. Kalaydjiev. 2013. Effect of supplementation of probiotic zoovit in diets of calves of milk breed. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19: 98–101.
  15. El-Ghani, A. A. A. 2004. Influence of diet supplemented with yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of Zaraibi goats. Small Ruminant Research, 52(3): 223-229.
  16. Erasmus, L. J., P. M. Botha, and A. Kistner. 1992. Effect of yeast culture supplement on production, rumen fermentation and duodenal nitrogen flow in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 75: 3056-3065
  17. Galip, N. 2006. Effect of supplemental yeast culture and sodium bicarbonaet on ruminal fermentation and blood variables in rams. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 90:446-452.
  18. Gibson, G. R. and M. B. Roberfroid.1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonicmicrobia: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. Journal of Nutrition, 125: 1401-1412.
  19. Giger-Reverdin, S., N. Bezault, D. Sauvant, and G. 1996. Effects of a probiotic yeast in lactating ruminants: interaction with dietary nitrogen level. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 63(1): 149-162.
  20. Gomez-Basauri, J., M. B. de Ordanza, and J. Siciliano-Jones. 2001. Intake and milk production of dairy cows fed lactic acid bacteria and mannanoligosaccharide. Journal of Dairy Science, 84: 283. (Abst).
  21. Hillal, H., G. El-Sayaad, and M. Abdella. 2011. Effect of growth promoters (probiotics) supplementation on performance, rumen activity and some blood constituents in growing Archives Animal Breeding, 54: 607-617.
  22. Jacquette, R. D., R. J. Dennis, J. A.Coalson, D. R. Ware, E. T. Manfredi, and P. L. Read. 1988. Effect of feeding viable Lactobacillus acidophilus (BT1386) on performance of lactating dairy Journal of Dairy Science, 71: 219. (Abst).
  23. Jatoba, A., F. N. Vieira, C. C. Buglionneto, B. C. Silva, J. L. P. Mourino, G. T. Jeronimo, G. Dotta, and M. L. Martins. 2008. Use of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the intestinal tract of tilápiado-Nile as probiotic. Agricultural Research, 43: 1201-1207.
  24. Kabirian Moghadam, S., A. Hajimohammadi, S. Nazifi, S. A. Razavi, and A. Rowshan-Ghasrodashti. 2020. Effects of Probiotic and Chromium-Methionine on Thyroid Hormones, Total Protein, Zinc, and Weight Gain in Dairy Holstein Calves During the Weaning Period. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 14(2): 178-187.
  25. Kafilzadeh, F., S. Payandeh, P. Gómez-Cortés, D. Ghadimi, A. Schiavone, and L. Martínez Marín. 2019. Effects of probiotic supplementation on milk production, blood metabolite profile and enzyme activities of ewes during lactation. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 18(1), 134-139.
  26. Kirjavainen, P. V., H. S. El-Nezami, S. J. Salminen, J. T. Ahokas and P. F. A. Wright 1999. The effect of orally administered viable probiotic and dairy lactobacilli on mouse lymphocyte Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 26(2): 131-135.
  27. Kowalik, B., J. Skomial, R. Miltko, and M. Majewska.2016. The effect of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in the diet of rams on the digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen and mineral retention, and blood serum biochemical parameters. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 40(5): 534-539.
  28. Krehbiel, C. R., S. R. Rust, G. Zhang, and S. E. Gillilan.2003. Bacterial direct-fed microbials in ruminant diets: Performance response and mode of action. Journal of Animal Science, 81: 120-132.
  29. Kritas, S. K., A. Govaris, G. Christodoulopoulos, and A. R. Burriel. 2006. Effect of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis supplementation of ewe's feed on sheep milk production and young lamb mortality. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, 53:170–173.
  30. Ma, Z. Z., Y. Y. Cheng, S. Q. Wang, J. Z. Ge, H. P. Shi, and J. C. Kou .2020. Positive effects of dietary supplementation of three probiotics on milk yield, milk composition and intestinal flora in Sannan dairy goats varied in kind of probiotics. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 104(1): 44-55.
  31. Martin, S. A., and D. J. Nisbet. 1990. Effects of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract on fermentation of aminoacids and starch by mixed ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Journal of Animal Science, 68: 2142-2149.
  32. Masek, T., Z. Mikulec, H. Valpotic, N. Antunac, N. Mikulec, Z. Stojevic, Filipovic, and S. Pahovic.2008a. Influence of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on milk production and composition, and blood biochemical of grazing dairy ewes during the milking period. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 77:547–554.
  33. Masek, T., Z. Mikulec, H. Valpotic, L. Kusce, N. Mikulec, and N. Antunac. 2008b. The influence of live yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the performance of grazing dairy sheep in late lactation. Veterinarski Arhiv, 78: 95.
  34. Miles, P. H., N. S. Wilkinson, L. R. McDowell. 2001. Analysis of Minerals for Animal Nutrition Research. Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
  35. Mostafa, T. H., F. A. Elsayed, M. A. Ahmed, and A. E. lkholany.2014. Effect of using some feed additives (TW- Probiotics) in dairy cow rations on production and reproductive performance. Egyptian Journal of Animal Production, 51(1):1-11.
  36. Mousa, K. H., O. M. El-Malky, O. F. Komonna, and S. E. Rashwan. 2012. Effect of some yeast and minerals on the productive and reproductive performance in ruminants. Journal American Science, 8:291–303.
  37. Musa, H. H., W. Usl, C.H. Zhu, H. I. Seri, and G. Q. Zhu. 2009. The Potential Benefits of Probiotics in Animal Production and Health. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8 (2): 313-321.
  38. National Research Council. 2007. Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervide, and New World Camelids. National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC, USA, 362 P.
  39. Olsen, S. R., and L. E. Sommers.1982. Phsphorus. In: Page Methods of soil Analysis. Part П. 2nd Edition. ASA, SSSA, Madison. WI. USA.
  40. Parvaneh, V. Quality control and the chemical analysis of food. University of Tehran Press
  41. Payandeh, S. and F. Kafilzadeh. 2017. The effect of feeding a commercial bacterial probiotic on milk production and blood metabolites in Mehraban ewes. Journal of Animal Production, 19(3):285-599.
  42. Pazzola, M., M. L. Dettori, V. Carcangiu, S. Luridiana, M. C. Mura, and G. M. Vacca. 2011. Relationship between milk urea, blood plasma urea and body condition score in primiparous browsing goats with different milk yield level. Archives Animal Breeding, 54: 546-556.
  43. Piva, G., S. Belladonna, G. Fusconi, and F. Sicoaldi. 1993. Effects of yeast on dairy cow performance, ruminal fermentation, blood composition and milk manufacturing properties. Journal of Dairy Science, 76: 2717-2722.
  44. Raeth-Knight, M. L., J. G. Linn, and H. G. Jung. 2007. Effect of direct-fed microbials on performance, diet digestibility, and rumen characteristics of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(4):1802-1809.
  45. Raynal-Ljutovac, K., G. Lagriffoul, P. Paccard, Y. Chilliard. 2008. Composition of goat and sheep milk products: An update. Journal of Small Ruminant Research, 79: 57-72.
  46. Reklewska, B., Z. Ryniewicz, J. K. Krzyzewski, A. araszewska, M. Goralczyk, K, Zdziarski. T, Nalecz-Tarwacka, and N. Strzalkowska.2000. Dietary manipulation of milk protein content in goats. Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University, 35: 133-143.
  47. Shornikova, A.V., I.A. Casas, E. Isolauri, and T. Vesikari.1997. Lactobacillus reuteri as a therapeutic agent in acute diarrhoea in young Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 24(4): 399- 404.
  48. Stein, D. R., D. T. Allen, E. B. Perry, J. C. Bruner, K. W. Gates, T. G. Rehberger, K. D. Mertz, and L. J. Spicer. 2006. Effects of feeding propionibacteria to dairy cows on milk yield, milk components, and reproduction. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(1):111-125.
  49. Stella, A. V., R. Paratte, L. Valnegri, G. Cigalino, G. Soncini, E. Chevaux, V. DellOrto, and Savoni. 2007. Effect of administration of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae on milk production, milk composition, blood metabolites, and faecal flora in early lactating dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research, 67(1):7-13.
  50. Swartz, L., L. D. Muller, G. W. Rogers, and G. A. Vorga. 1994. Effect of yeast cultures on performance of lactating dairy cows: a field Journal of Dairy Science, 77: 3073- 3080.
  51. Titi, H. H., R. O. Dmour, and A. Y. Abdullah. 2008. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs and Shami goat kids fed yeast culture in their finishing diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 142(1-2): 33-43.
  52. Williams, P. E., C. A. Tait, G. M. Innes, and C. J. Newbold. 1991. Effects of the inclusion of yeast cultures (Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in the diet of dairy cows on milk yield and forage degradation and fermentations patterns in the rumen of steers. Journal of Animal Science, 69: 3016-3022.
  53. Yalcin, S., S. Yalcin, P. Can, A.O. Gurdal, C. Bagci, and O. Eltan. 2011. The nutritive value of live yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and its effect on milk yield, milk composition and some blood parameters of dairy Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 24: 1377-1385.
CAPTCHA Image