اثر استفاده از مخلوط عصاره گیاهان دارویی بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، متابولیت‌های سرم خون و فعالیت آنزیمی در جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی- تغذیه طیور

نویسندگان

• زهرا تهامی ¹
• مصیب شلایی ²
• سید محمد حسینی ³

¹ دانشگاه گرگان

² دانشگاه بیرجند

³ گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بیرجند

10.22067/ijasr.v9i4.59297

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر استفاده از مخلوط عصاره گیاهان دارویی در مقایسه با آنتی‌بیوتیک اکسی تتراسایکلین بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، متابولیت‌های خون و آنزیم‌های سرم خون جوجه‌های گوشتی سویه رأس 308 انجام گرفت. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 5 تیمار، 4 تکرار و 8 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی در هر تکرار به مدت 42 روز انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل تیمارهای حاوی آنتی بیوتیک، 50، 100 و 200 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم جیره از مخلوط عصاره گیاهان دارویی فلفل، دارچین و پونه بود. نتایج نشان داد مصرف خوراک در 10-1 روزگی و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در کل دوره آزمایش تحت تأثیر افزودن 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل عصاره‌های گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش پیدا کرد. افزایش وزن بدن جوجه‌های گوشتی بوسیله تمام سطوح عصاره‌های گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. وزن نسبی سینه و بال‌ها تحت تأثیر 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل عصاره‌های گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. کلسترول سرم خون جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تأثیر میزان 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل عصاره‌های گیاهی کاهش پیدا کرد و همچنین غلظت HDL سرم خون در سن 42 روزگی با مصرف تمام سطوح عصاره‌های گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. سطوح 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل عصاره‌های گیاهی باعث افزایش معنی‌دار پروتئین و گلوبولین سرم گردید. غلظت آنزیم AST نیز تحت تأثیر 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل عصاره‌های گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش پیدا کرد. نتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد استفاده از 100 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم مکمل مخلوط عصاره گیاهان دارویی فلفل، دارچین و پونه می‌تواند اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه، چربی‌های خون و آنزیم‌های سرم خون جوجه‌های گوشتی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• آنزیم‌های سرم
• جوجه‌های گوشتی
• عصاره‌های گیاهی
• عملکرد
• متابولیت‌های خون

20.1001.1.20083106.1397.9.4.4.0

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Use of Mixture of Herbal Extracts on Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Serum Metabolites and Enzyme Activity of Broiler Chickens

نویسندگان [English]

• zahra tahami ¹
• mosayeb shalaei ²
• Seyyed Mohammad hosseini ³

¹ gorgan

² birjand

³ Department of Animal Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction In view of rising concerns on the extensive use of antibiotics in animal production, there is an increasing interest for developing alternative disease control strategy to enhance animal health and to reduce the use of antimicrobials. One promising new possibility to achieve this goal is the use of natural foods and herbal products to enhance feed efficiency, gut health, and innate immunity. In clinical medicine, plant-derived products are increasingly being used as feed supplements to enhance immunity to diseases and cancers. Among these products, the dietary effects of the mixture of three plant derived phytochemicals, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and Capsicum oleoresin as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agents have been reported. Carvacrol is a component of numerous aromatic plants, such as Origanum vulgare, thyme, and wild bergamot. The anti-microbial functions of these herbs are associated with carvacrol since carvacrol vapour has been shown to inhibit Salmonella growth in chickens. Cinnamaldehyde is a constituent of cinnamon and widely applied as flavoring. It has been proven to have strong anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella sp., and Vibrio parahemolyticus. Capsicum oleoresin, prepared by organic extraction of pepper fruits, contains anti-bacterial activity. It contains the pungent principles, capsicin which has effects on the resistance to Salmonella enteritidis infection by altering pH and histological changes.
Materials and Methods In this study, 160 Ross 308 male broiler chicks were allocated in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replicates of 8 chicks in each replicate for 42 days. Treatments contained 1 level of oxytetracycline antibiotic and 3 levels of extract supplementation (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of feed). The rearing and management conditions were equal for all groups. Experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrients requirements of the Ross broiler chicks. Chicks had full access to feed and water during the experimental period. Performance parameter such as body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were recorded at 1-10, 11-24 and 25-42 d of age for each replicate. At the end of the experiment, two birds of each replicate were slaughtered and blood was collected to determine hematological parameters, and carcass characteristics were analyzed.
Results and Discussion Based on the results, in 1-10 d period supplementing the broiler diet with 100 mg/kg herbal extracts decreased significantly feed intake (P

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Broiler
• Herbal extract
• Performance
• Serum enzymes

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