@article { author = {saghi, razieh and Aslaminejad, Ali Asghar and Saghi, Davoud Ali and Shariati, Mohammad Mahdi}, title = {Factors affecting on longevity in Northern Khorasan Kordish sheep}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research}, volume = {7}, number = {4}, pages = {478-485}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Ferdowsi University of Mashhad}, issn = {2008-3106}, eissn = {2423-4001}, doi = {10.22067/ijasr.v7i4.26616}, abstract = {Introduction The longevity is normally defined as the length of its productive life in the flock, which is the amount of time an animal spends producing (1). Longevity reflects the ability of ewe to avoid being culled for low production, low fertility, illness and influences the number and cost of replacements required to maintain the flock size. The benefit of increasing longevity are increased average age of the flock, having more ewes available for sale at the end of their four parity, having more ewe lambs to sell, and higher productivity from a slightly older flock age profile (2). Sheep population of Khorasan province (10). In sheep production, longevity has an important influence on the economic returns. Reliable estimates of non genetic effects of longevity are needed to aid establishing an efficient strategy for improving ewe productivity. Thus, the objective of this study was the factors affecting on longevity in Northern Khorasan Kordish sheep. We want to determine effect of environmental and non-genetic factors on longevity. Material and Methods In order to investigate on factors affecting longevity trait in Northen Khorasan Kordish sheep, records of 7469 sheep (187 sire and 2258 dam) ) between 1990 to 2012 that were collected by breeding station of Hossein Abad in Shirvan (This city is located in the north of Mashhad) were used. Flock has been kept under village system. Breeding ewes were identified in the data set as those that lambed at 2 year of age and culled at 6 to 7 year of age duo to oldness. Ram kept until a male offspring was available for replacement. In this study longevity was defined as the age of a ewe (in day) when it leaves the flock. Ewes were generally removed from the flock due to poor production, low fertility, death and illness. Ewes were identified as being removed from the flock if a lambing record was present at n year of age but not at n+1 years of age. All females were culled before reaching 7 years of age. Conditional stayability measures were recorded as binary indicators of a lambing record at a given age (failure=1, success=0). Overall stayability traits (STAY n/2) were defined as the probability that a ewe that lambed at 2 year of age also lambed at n year of age for n equal to 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 year of age. Data for overall stayability only included individuals that had opportunity to have a lambing record at n year of age. Marginal stayability traits (STAY n/n-1) were defined as the probability that a ewe that lambed at n-1 year of age also lambed at n year of age for n equal to 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 years of age. Marginal stayability was missing for ewes without lambing records at n-1 years of age. Also, longevity of ewes was calculated according to lambing date and culling date in flock. So, culling reasons are divided in to two groups: Involuntary and voluntary culling. Involuntary culling includes death, barren ewes and deficiency, and voluntary culling includes extension sale, excess ewes and ewe with inappropriate phenotype. The Fixed effect included year of production, sex and birth type. The Fixed effects to be considered was made after were when significant. Tables of productive life were also determined table procedure of SAS 9.1. Result and Discussion According to the results, 99% of productive ewes were culled due to the culling reasons but not due to their ages. The highest culling rate in ewes was due to disease (33.1%) and the lowest culling rate in rams was Poisoning (0.11%). The disease had the highest culling rate in twins (33.5%). The highest percentage of involuntary culling was observed in barren ewes (1.65%). In voluntary culling, the highest percentage of culling was due to sales (55.75%). The effect of year and season of birth was significant on productive life. Mean comparison test showed that ewes lambing in winter and spring had the highest and lowest of productive life, respectively (p}, keywords = {Culling,Disease,Ewe productive life,Kordish sheep,Lamb survival}, title_fa = {بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر صفت طول عمر اقتصادی در گوسفند کردی}, abstract_fa = {به منظور بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر صفت طول عمر اقتصادی گوسفند کردی خراسان شمالی از رکوردهای ثبت شده ایستگاه پرورش و اصلاح نژاد گوسفندکردی طی سال های 1369 تا 1391 که شامل 7469 بره حاصل از 187 پدر و 2258 مادر بود، استفاده گردید. ترسیم جداول طول عمر تولیدی از رویه Life table نرم افزار SAS نسخه 1/9 صورت گرفت. عوامل ثابت سال و فصل بر طول عمر حیوان اثر معنی داری داشت. نتایج نشان داد که حدود 99 درصد از میش های داشتی به دلایل غیر از سن از گله حذف گردیده اند. بیشترین درصد حذف در میش ها مربوط به بیماری (1/33%) و کمترین درصد حذف در جنس نر مربوط به مسمومیت (11/0%) می باشد. تعداد میش های حذف شده از گله با بالا رفتن سن کاهش می یابد، اما حذف میش های بالای 4 سال در مقایسه با میش های جوان افزایش یافت. زنده مانی میش هایی که زایش تک قلو داشتند، بیشتر از میش هایی است که زایش دو قلو داشتند و میش های دارای 1 بره نسبت به میش های دارای 2 و 3 بره، درصد زنده مانی بیشتری را نشان دادند. نتایج نشان داد که میش هایی که در تمام زایش ها یک بره داشتند دارای بالاترین درصد ماندگاری هستند، درحالی که در میش هایی دارای دو بره، درصد زنده مانی کمتر مشاهده شد. اگر چه سیاست های کلی در دام های سبک به سمت افزایش میزان دوقلوزایی می باشد، اما نتایج نشان داد تأکید بر دوقلوزایی موجب حذف میش ها در سنین پایین و کاهش طول عمر اقتصادی خواهد شد. برای بهبود ماندگاری می توان شرایط مدیریتی و محیطی گله را بهبود بخشید.}, keywords_fa = {حذف,طول عمر میشها,زنده مانی,گوسفند کردی}, url = {https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_34995.html}, eprint = {https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_34995_830ec42bf97b492de6050678e3472645.pdf} }