Effect of Dietary Triticale Levels and Enzyme Supplementation on Performance, Gut Morphology and Blood Chemistry of Very Young Broiler Chicks
Heydar
Zarghi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Abolghasem
Golian
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Hasan
Kermanshahi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ahmad Reza
Raaji
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
Alireza
Heravi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of different levels of triticale with/ without
enzyme cocktail (xylanase and β-glucanase) on performance of broiler chicks. Five hundred day old male broiler
chicks (Ross 308), assigned to a factorial arrangement (5×2) with a completely randomized design with 5
replicates of 10 chicks each. The factors included 5 levels of triticale (0, 8, 16, 24 and 32%) and 2 levels of
enzyme cocktail (0 and 0.05%). The experimental diets were isocalric and isonitrogenous and were fed adlibitum
from 0 to 10 d of age. The live body weight in 10 d and daily weight gain significantly decreased and
feed conversion ratio significantly increased with increase in the level of triticale up to 16% and more. The gut
viscosity, gastro intestinal tract organ relative weight were significantly increased with increase in triticale level
and in birds fed the diet with 32% level of triticale showed a shorter villi compared with the longer villi in those
fed the corn-soy diet. The exogenous enzyme supplementation significantly affects broiler performance and
reduced anti- nutrient effects of triticale. The use of different levels of triticale and enzyme supplementation did
not significantly affect on chicks blood chimistry. In conclusion, this study revealed that starter diets containing
up to 8% of triticale did not have an adverse effect on performance of broiler chicks
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_30915_3183a03a387091b5f81daa44613610f1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12484
Performance of Broiler Chicks fed Cottonseed and Soybean Meal Based Diets and Determination of the Optimum Supplemental Lysine in Starts Period
goulam reza
zabuli
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
gasem
jalivand
Ferdwosi University of Mashhad
author
Mostafa
yusof alahi
Department of Animal Science, Zabol Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol, Iran
author
eisa
perie
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
kamal
shojaiyan
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
hosin
buze
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
akbar
davud panah
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2011
per
An experiment was conducted to determine the optimal level of supplemental lysine in a corn-soybean mealcottonseed
meal starter diet. Three hundred and sixty day-old male chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely
randomized design (15 birds per each pen). A basal diet was formulated to meet or exceed NRC (1994)
recommendations except for lysine. Graded levels of supplemental lysine (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5% of diet)
were added to the basal diet at the expense of corn starch. At 14d of age, performance and carcass attributes
including body weight gain (BGW), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed intake (FI), breast meat yield (BMY), and
thigh yield (TY) were assessed. The results showed that lysine supplementation significantly improved BGW,
FCR, FI, BMY, and TY. To determine the optimum level of supplemental lysine, modeling approach was
applied and inflection point in spline models was considered as an optimum point. Using linear broken-line
model, inflection points for BWG, FC, BMY, TY were 0.24, 0.26, 0.35, and 0.22% of diet, respectively. These
values in quadratic broken-line model were 0.39, 0.15, 0.52, and 0.33% of diet, respectively. In conclusion, the
usage of cottonseed meal in starting broiler chicks may increase the needed supplemental lysine in the diet due to
low amino acid digestibility of cottonseed meal. Although the optimum level of supplemental lysine depends on
response criteria and statistical model, required supplemental lysine for BMY was higher than others.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_30932_68cf9693e09ab5d32dfaff87ff322bf1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12538
Effect of Various Types and Levels of Organic Selenium on Poultry Production, Egg Quality and Selenium Enrichment of Eggs
Fatemeh
Asadi
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Tarbiat Modares University,
Tehran, Iran
author
Farid
Shariatmadari
Department of Poultry Breeding and Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Tehran. Iran.
author
Mohammad Amir
Karimi Torshizi
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Tarbiat Modares University,
Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
A eight-week trial was carried out to investigate the effects of various levels and type of organic selenium as
compared to inorganic selenium. Total of 81 layer hens (LSL) 35 weeks of age were used in a randomized
complete blocks with 9 treatments, 3 replications of 3 birds per experimental unit. Treatment diets included
control 0/3 mg/kg sodium selenite and selenium yeast, (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg). Qualitative characteristics of
storing eggs under different conditions (23- 7°C) for 14 days determined. Haugh unit of keeping eggs in room
(23-27°C) was significantly (P
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_30962_0d0ba643567dd6d28d9158e83623d296.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12539
Effects of Enzyme and Organic Acid in Wheat and Corn Based diets on Performance and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers
Mohammad Hossein
Shahir
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran.
author
Saeid
Moradi
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran
author
omed
afsareyan
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
afshin
hey darei nya
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2011
per
The aim of the present experiment was to determine the effects of Grindazym enzyme (0 or 0.4 g/kg diet) and
sodium butyrate (0 or 2 g/kg diet) addition in corn and wheat based diets on performance, carcass traits, and
intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 480 male Arbor Acres chickens were assigned to 8 dietary
treatments, and each treatment was included 4 replicate, with 15 birds per each replicate (pen). The experiment
was performed in a 2×2×2 factorial trial based on completely randomized design. At the end of experiment, 2
birds from each pen were randomly selected and slaughtered by cervical dislocation. Results showed that the
type of cereal in the basal diet, the enzyme and sodium butyrate had significance (P
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31001_a201e1cd602e91fe1582ee3bfc33506d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12541
Comparison of Multiple Linear Regression and Artificial Neural Network Models to Estimate of Amino acid Values in Pearl Millet Hybrid Based on Chemical Composition
paresa
soulimani
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Abolghasem
Golian
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Sedghi
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
Pearl millet has tolerance to harsh growing conditions such as drought. It is at least equivalent to maize and
generally superior to sorghum in protein content and metabolizable energy levels. Thus it is of importance for
poultry feeding. Amino acid (AA) determination is expensive and time consuming. Therefore nutritionists have
prompted a search for alternatives to estimate AA levels. Traditionally, two methods of predicting AA levels
have been developed using multiple linear regression (MLR) with an input of either CP or proximate analysis.
Artificial neural networks (ANN) may be more effective to predict AA concentration in feedstuff. Therefore a
study was conducted to predict the AAs level in pearl millet with either MLR or ANN. Fifty two samples of
pearl millet’s data lines contained chemical compositions and AAs which collected from literature were used to
find the relationship between chemical analysis as xi and AA contents as y. For both MLR and ANN models
chemical composition (dry matter, ash, crude fiber, crude protein, ether extract) was used as inputs and each
individual AA was the output in each model. The results of this study showed that it is possible to predict AAs
with a simple analytical determination of proximate analysis. Furthermore ANN models could more effectively
identify the relationship between AAs and proximate analysis than linear regression model.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31026_78061b6ef6193b39f81a21c3c9fd5feb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12542
Changes of Blood Gas Parameters, Hematocrit Value and Internal Organ Weights with Induced Ascites in Broiler Chicken
Mahdi
nagus
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
abas
p akdel
Ferdwosi University of Mashhad
author
rasul
vaez
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2011
per
In order to evaluate the effects of ascites on blood gas parameters and internal organ weights, 335 broilers
related to parental lines was studied. One hundred sixty-one male broilers and one hundred seventy-four females
selected randomly and studied under two treatments of control and ascites. At 54 days of age, body weight and
body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate between the age of 23 and 54 days were determined. At
28, 35, 42 and 54 days of age, blood gas parameters were evaluated. Moreover hematocrit value at 14, 21, 28,
35, 42 and 54 days of age were evaluated. At the end of experiment, all birds slaughtered then the weight of
abdominal fat, liver and spleen were measured. Fluid in the abdomen, color of the breast and liver were assayed.
Moreover mortality resulted from ascites in total period experiment was recorded. Result from body weight,
Feed conversion rate and feed intake showed that there were no significant between two groups while in males
broilers body weight gain was significant (p
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31058_7d67747435904cc895285cb99a517036.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12543
Effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance on Performance and Immune Responses of Broiler Chickens Reared in the Heat Stress Environments
Behnaz
Ashrafi
Department of Animal Science, Kashmir Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmir, Iran
author
Alireza
hessabi nameghi
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی
author
Reza
Vakili
Department of Animal Science, Kashmir Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmir, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of electrolyte dietary balance (DEB) on
performance and immune function of broiler chickens reared under the heat stress condition. Three hundred oneday
chickens were distributed randomly in 25 separate Pens with 12 chicks in each. This experiment was in the
form of a completely randomized design with five treatments and five replications and different levels of
electrolyte dietary balance (EDB), including 50, 150, 250, 350 and 450 meq/kg dedicated on corn - soybean
based diets . To study immune responses , 0.5 ml intramuscular injection of sheep red blood cells (5%) on days
18 and 30 and antibody response against Newcastle and Bronchitis was used. In 28 to 42 days, chickens for 4
hours under 35 ° C heat stress were studied. The average weight of chickens in the fourth week in DEB 250 was
higher while sixth week the highest mean weight in chickens was DEB 350. maximum feed intake in the third
week in 250 DEB, but the fourth to sixth weeks greatest amount of feed intake in 350 EDB were observed.
Effect of different levels of EDB on feed conversion ratio was not significant. Effect of EDB on primary and
secondary immune responses was significantly in 6 and 12 days after inoculation (primary immune response),
most SRBC antibody response in 450 EDB . Similarly, in 6 and 12 days after injection (secondary immune
response), the highest antibody, respectively, 350 and 450 EDB was observed. Equilibrium level of 350 DEB
was highest antibody titer against Newcastle and bronchitis (P
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31081_4be80062d1f6357890a64b83d860846e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12545
Effects of Mesolites from Moghueieh Region and their Particles Size on Performance, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens
javad
golami
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
Mohammad hasan
Fuladi
Department of Animal Science. College of Agriculture. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Kerman. Iran
author
Mohammad
salarmoini
Department of Animal Science. College of Agriculture. Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Kerman. Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
In this study the effects of mesolites from Moghueieh region and their particles size on performance, blood
biochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens were evaluated. The experiment was
conducted on a completely randomized design with three treatments: without mesolite (control) and with fine
particle mesolite (passed of 1 mm sieve and stay in 0.225 mm sieve) or large particle mesolite (passed of 3.36
mm sieve and stay in 1.68 mm sieve). Mesolite added in amount of 2% in diet from 7 day of age. Results
indicated that chickens fed large particle mesolite showed reduced performance and fine particle mesolite had no
effect on broilers performance. When compared with the controls, body weight gains were significantly lower
for birds fed diets containing large particle mesolite. Birds fed large particle mesolite showed higher feed
conversion ratio. At the end of the experiment (42 day of age), control group had higher serum TG.
Concentration of serum HDL in chickens fed large particle mesolite was higher than control group. Level of
serum alkaline phosphatase, glucose, albumin, thyroxin, cholesterol, LDL and uric acid and digestibility of dry
matter and protein were not affected by treatments.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31110_2e2c0be87b1637f08835217a67257c67.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12546
Investigating the Effect of Red Pepper Powder and Fat on Performance and Blood Parameters of Broiler Chickens
Hani
Arbabyan
Department of Animal Science, Kashmir Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmir, Iran
author
Abdolmansour
Tahmasebi
Dept. of Animal Science, College of Agri. Ferdowsi University of Mahhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Reza
Vakili
Department of Animal Science, Kashmir Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmir, Iran
author
Sonia
Zakizadeh
Department of Animal Science, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural Jihad Educational Complex
author
text
article
2011
per
An experiment was done in a completely randomized design in the following manner to investigate the
effect of different levels of red pepper powder, and fat in diet of broilers chickens , The groups were assigned
into factorials (2×3) with four replications, 12 birds per each. Factors tested included three levels of red pepper
powder (0 , 1.5 and 3%) and two fat levels (0 and 3%). Feed and water were freely and permanently available
to the chicks .Testing period was 42 days. Experimental diets were set with equal energy and protein. Increasing
the level of the red pepper powder caused the increase in total feed consumption (FC). Increasing the level of the
fat decreased the total consumed feed. The diet including pepper and fat together decreased the total consumed
feed. Presence of pepper and fat lonely in the diet resulted in an increase of the body weight but using pepper
and fat together in the diet resulted in decreasing the rate body weight gain (BWG). Increasing the levels of red
pepper powder and fat caused the reduction of feed conversion ratio (FCR), but when pepper added to diets
containing fat, feed conversion ratio decreased. In initial period increasing the levels of pepper from zero to three
percent caused the increasing of Cholesterol level and HDL. Also increasing the fat level in diet caused the
increasing of HDL. There were no significant difference between the treatments groups when red pepper and fat
were used simultaneously in the diet. In the growing period with increasing the percent of red pepper the levels
of Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL and LDL decreased, and also increasing the level of fat decreased the level of
Cholesterol, HDL, LDL but the level of Triglyceride increased. Using the combination of red pepper and fat in
the diet decreased Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL and LDL. In the finisher period increasing the red
pepper percent decreased the level of Triglycerid. The combination of red pepper and fat in the diet increased
Glucose and decreased the level of Triglyceride.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31142_bdf5c54a77101b512effbb98fabf3a2f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12547
The Effect of Iodine Levels Above of NRC Recommendations on Performance and Thyroidal Hormones in Holstein Dairy Cows
mohammad ali
norouzian
Department of Animal Science
author
Reza
Valizadeh
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
fereydun
aziza
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2011
per
In order to survey of using iodine levels above of NRC recommendations on performance and thyroidal
hormones, sixteen Holstein dairy cows with the average live body weight and daily milk production of 652 ± 43
and 32.9 ± 2.4 kg respectively, allocated to 4 treatments in a complete randomized design. The dietary treatments
were 1) the basal diet (without Potassium Iodide) as control diet, 2, 3 and 4, the basal diet plus 2.5, 5 and 7.5
mg/kg DM Potassium Iodide respectively. The number of replications in each treatment was 4 cows. The dry
matter intake (DMI), milk yield and composition were compared between treatments. The iodine concentrations
in feed, water, urine and blood as well as thyroidal hormones (T3 and T4) were determined. There were no
significant differences between treatments for DMI, milk yield and compositions as well as diet efficiency.
Iodine contents in blood and urine were affected by iodine supplementation and increased significantly (P
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31164_8e9a671b3147df52900fc79a5db48048.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12548
Determination of Physical, Chemical and Digestibility of some Agricultural by-products
reza
tahmasebi
Ferdwosi University of Mashhad
author
Omid
Dayani
Department of Animal Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
amin
kezre
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
author
text
article
2011
per
In this experiment, physical and chemical characteristics and estimation of effective fiber and digestibility of
some agricultural by-products such as lerd, pulp and date kernel, grape pomace, pistachio hulls, lime and rice
straw were determined by using in vitro technique. Experimental data were analyzed as a complete randomized
design, with three replicates. Physical and chemical characteristics and digestibility parameters among samples
were significantly different. Rice straw due to high water holding capacity and low-density mass were floating
on the liquid phase of reticulo-rumen and stimulates rumination but palm seed with high bulk density tends to
deposit in the rumen. Chemical characteristics such as non-fibrous carbohydrates of lemon pulp and pistachio
hull and crude protein of grape pomace, lerd and pulp of date were significantly different between samples.
Results of physical characteristics, particle size separation and physical effective cell wall showed that rice straw
provides adequate fiber in diet. Also, to some extent physical effective cell wall can be provided by grape
pomace, kernel and lerd of date. The predictions of particle size separation and physical effective cell wall were
found to compare reasonably well when new Pennsylvania sieves, compare to old ones, were used. By
considering physical and chemical characteristics of above mentioned agricultural by-products date pulp with
non-fibrous carbohydrate and high protein content and digestibility can be used in higher amounts in ruminant
diets.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31180_2775a557d5bbfc4c941aefccddc10b13.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12549
Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Degradability Coefficients and Ruminalpostruminal Digestibility of Dry Matter and Crude Protein of some Plant Protein Sources
Ghasem
Tahan
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
Mohammad Hassan
Fathi Nasri
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
Ahmad
Riasi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
Mahdi
Behgar
Iranian Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology
author
Seyyed Homayoun
Farhangfar
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
Effect of electron beam irradiation on degradability coefficients and ruminal- postruminal digestibility of dry
matter and crude protein of soybean meal, canola meal and Lathyrus sativus seed, irradiated at doses of 50, 100
and 150 kGy was investigated. Ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein was determined by in situ
method using two cannulated Holstein heifers. Ruminal- postruminal digestibility of dry matter and crude protein
was determined by in situ (nylon bag)-in vitro (daisy digestor) techniques. Data analyzed using SAS software as
randomized completely design and the treatment means were compared using Tukey test. The results indicated
that irradiation had no effect on dry matter, ether extract and ash content of feeds. In soybean meal, washout
fraction and potentially degradable fraction of dry matter and crude protein was higher and lower at dose of 150
kGy irradiation than other treatments, respectively, and degradation rate constant and ruminal effective
degradability of dry matter and crude protein was lower at all doses of irradiation than untreated soybean meal.
In canola meal, irradiation at doses of 50 and 100 kGy decreased washout fraction and increased potentially
degradable fraction of crude protein compared with untreated canola meal. In Lathyrus sativus seed, only
potentially degradable fraction of dry matter and crude protein was lower at dose of 150 kGy irradiation than
untreated Lathyrus sativus seed. Ruminal digestibility of crude protein decreased in soybean meal at doses of
100 and 150 kGy irradiation and for canola meal at all doses of irradiation than untreated samples. Total tract
digestibility of crude protein decreased in soybean meal at dose of 150 kGy irradiation and for canola meal at all
doses of irradiation than untreated samples. In Lathyrus sativus seed, ruminal-postruminal digestibility and total
tract digestibility of dry matter increased at doses of 100 and 150 kGy irradiation than untreated Lathyrus sativus
seed. Postruminal digestibility and total digestibility of crude protein of Lathyrus sativus seed increased at all
doses of irradiation than untreated Lathyrus sativus seed. Base on the results of this study, beam electron
irradiation had different effects on nutritional value of soybean meal, canola meal and Lathyrus sativus seed but
it improved protein quality of feeds especially in Lathyrus sativus seed.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31211_61e10420fcf07684a793358fa26feafe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12550
Nutritive Value of Grape Pomace and Raisin Vitis Leaves Using Nylon Bags and Gas Production Techniques
Mehdi
Moghaddam
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
author
Akbar
Taghizadeh
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Iran.
author
Ali
Nobakht
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh Branch, Maragheh, Iran
author
Ahmad
Ahmadi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh Branch
author
text
article
2011
per
The present study was carried out to determine the nutritive value of white varieties of grape pomace (GP)
and raisin vitis leaves (RVL), using nylon bags and gas production techniques. Tow fistulated whether with
average body weight of 45±2 kg were used. The amount of gas produced was measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24,
36, 48 and 72 h times and degradation was measured using nylon bags up to 96 h times. The degradability
parameters of crud protein (CP) for soluble fractions (a) were 5.34 and 6.48% and fermentable fractions (b) were
32.87 and 15.90% for RVL and GP, respectively. The gas production of soluble and insoluble fractions (a+b)
were 289.49 and 249.93 mLg-1DM and the rate of gas production prices (c) were 0.01 and 0.02 (%/h) for of RVL
and GP, respectively. The MP of RVL and GP were obtained 126.62 and 150.00 gkg-1DM, showing a significant
difference between two treatments. Correlation coefficient between dry matter degradation and gas production
rates for RVL and GP were 0.9756 and 0.8691 and the ratio between crude protein degradation and the rate of
gas production achieved 0.9878 and 0.9839, respectively. The high correlation between in vitro gas production
and in situ methods indicate the use of lower cost gas produced in the degradation of feed stuffs.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31249_eb539ff014e610a21747cf0ae0d75c7a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12551
Phylogenetic and Genetic Analysis of D-loop and Cyt-b Region of mtDNA Sequence in Iranian Sistani, Sarabi and Brown Swiss Cows
Reza
Valizadeh
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Nassiry
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Belal
Sadeghi
Department Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Shahrokh
Ghovvati
Department Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Ali
Javadmanesh
Department Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2011
per
Cattle have an important role in primary human civilization, so molecular studies for more accurate
recognition of their origin are effective to identify unknown historical aspects. Cattle can be divided in to 2 main
groups including Bos Tuarus and Bos Indicus. Both types of cattle can be found in Iran; therefore study of their
origin has particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the nucleotide sequences of
Cytochrome-b (Cyt-b) and HVR1&2 loci of D-loop gene region in mitochondrial DNA of Sistani, Sarabi and
Brown Swiss breeds of cattle. Twenty blood samples of each breed, from non-relative individuals were obtained
from blood bank of animal science department of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The
DNA content of sample was extracted based on the guanidinium thiocianate-silicagel method. Polymerase Chain
Reaction with specific designed primers was performed to amplify Cyt-b and HVR 1&2 loci with 751 and 701
bp lengths, respectively. Sequencing of amplified Cyt-b and HVR 1&2 loci were done based on Sanger method
by automatic sequencer machine (ABI 3130). Nucleotide diversity in Brown Swiss, Sarabi and Sistani breeds
were estimated 0.0037, 0.0024 and 0.0029, respectively. Sequences of Cyt-b and HVR 1&2 were register in
National Center for Biotechnology Institute due to nucleotide differences. Results of phylogenetic test using
UPGMA for both loci showed that Sarabi and Sistani breeds are belonging to first group and Brown Swiss breed
to other group.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31272_abd01f3f99b64982baf9d67c9646addb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12552
Investigation of Inbreeding in Baluchi sheeps of Abbasabad Breeding Station
Mohammadreza
Sheikhlou
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mojtaba
Tahmoorespur
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ali Asghar
Aslaminejad
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
In this study 21721 pedigree records of Iranian Baluchi sheep registered during 30 years (1979 to 2008) at
Abasabad breeding station were used to estimate pedigree completeness level, inbreeding and average
relationship coefficients of animals. During the studied years pedigree completeness level has a positive trend
with the most recent cohort of lambs born in 2008 having pedigrees with 6.2 equivalent generations of known
ancestors. Also, average inbreeding coefficient increased in these years and linear regression of inbreeding on
year of birth resulted in an estimated rate of inbreeding of 0.15 %/yr. Inbreeding of number 2 flock was higher
than that was in number one (P
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31296_d598058a059abd95d97ed1afa1d2f30a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12553
Genetic and Phonotypic Trends for Somatic Cell Score and Determination of Effective Environmental Factors on this Trait in Iranian Holstein Cows
Hadi
Faraji-Arough
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Ali Asghar
Aslaminejad
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Rokouei
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
author
text
article
2011
per
The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic and phonotypic trends of Somatic Cell Score in Iranian
Holstein cows. Also, the environmental factors affecting this trait are investigated. A total of 375351 test day
records of somatic cells take from 54374 animals between year 2002 and 2007 were used in this study. The
breeding values were estimated by fitting animal model in ASREML software. Genetic and phonotypic trends
were estimated by regression of phonotype and breeding value means on year of calving. SAS software was used
for estimation of genetic, phonotypic trends and effect of environmental factors. The heritability, genetic and
phonotypic trends for Somatic Cell Score were 0.082 ± 0.009, 0.013 ± 0.002 and -0.224 ± 0.103, respectively.
The genetic trend was significant and different from zero but phonotypic trends were not significant. Effects of
herd, year, interactions between herd and year, herd and season, year and season of calving were also
significant however the effects of season of calving were not.
Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2008-3106
3
v.
4
no.
2011
https://ijasr.um.ac.ir/article_31320_6e4a2617c71beb05ca1c6de93d91df79.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22067/ijasr.v3i4.12554